Vaccinium macrocarpon CRANBERRY (20 seeds)

Cranberry, also known as Vaccinium macrocarpon, is a perennial plant belonging to the Ericaceae family. It is a small plant reaching 30 cm in height that grows wild in the acidic peat bogs of Canada and North America. This evergreen shrub is highly hardy.

Its leaves are evergreen, oval, and have a thick, leathery texture. They generally measure between 1 and 3 cm in length. The leaf color varies from glossy green to dark green, taking on a reddish tint in autumn. The leaves are arranged alternately along the stems.

Cranberry flowers are small, bell-shaped, and measure about 1 to 2 cm in length. They appear between May and June. The flowers range from white to pale pink and grow in clusters. Each flower has five petals and a floral tube.

The fruits are spherical berries measuring 1 to 2 cm in diameter. They start out green and turn red upon ripening, usually between September and October. Cranberries have smooth skin and juicy flesh, with a taste that is both tart and sweet.

Cranberry seeds are small, elongated, and brown.

- Properties and Uses:

Native Americans used these berries to prevent and treat various ailments. The berries offer numerous benefits for the body. They are frequently used to prevent urinary tract infections and to improve heart health.
Do not use for medicinal purposes without seeking medical advice.

Cranberries are used in juices, sauces, pastries (pies, breads, etc.), and jams.
They are also found in capsule form or as extracts in dietary supplements.

Cranberry is used in shampoos and other cosmetic products. It is a versatile fruit with multiple health advantages.

- Sowing and Germination:

• The best period to sow cranberry seeds is from early February to early April.
• Seeds must be stratified either naturally (leaving the culture outside during winter) or artificially (placing them in the freezer for 4 to 8 weeks).
• Prepare a tray with sifted and moistened peat or heather soil.
• Sprinkle the seeds on top without covering them.
• Water moderately using a spray bottle.
• Place the tray in a cool spot at 15–20°C. Germination will begin 3 to 6 weeks after planting.
• Once the seedlings reach 15 cm in height, transplant them into an acidic substrate.

- Substrate / Soil Type:

Cranberries prefer acidic soil, generally with a pH between 4.5 and 5.5. Good drainage is essential, as the roots are sensitive to standing water.

- Light:

Plants require full sun to maximize growth and fruit production. They can tolerate partial shade, but this may reduce the berry yield.

- Temperature:

Vaccinium macrocarpon thrives in temperatures between 15°C and 25°C. While very hardy and resistant to extreme cold, it is sensitive to late frosts in April and May, which can damage flowers and fruit.

- Watering:

This plant requires regular watering—roughly once every 3 days—to keep the soil moist, especially during active growth and fruiting. In commercial farming, sprinkler systems are often used during dry spells.

- Propagation:

Mainly propagated through seeds or vegetative methods. Vegetative propagation involves taking stem cuttings and replanting them in moist, acidic soil. Layering stems is also an easy and effective method.

- Pests and Diseases:

The plant is vulnerable to several diseases, notably powdery mildew (which causes white spots) and the mosaic virus which affects the leaves.